Mean sea level (MSL)

Mean Sea Level (MSL): The standard reference level for measuring the altitude of a location, denoting the average height of the ocean’s surface over a long period of time. MSL is used in various fields, including aviation, surveying, and oceanography, to establish a consistent vertical reference for different measurements and studies. As the name suggests, MSL is the average of sea levels observed at various tidal stages and weather conditions, and it is subject to small variations due to factors such as tides, currents, and atmospheric pressure. MSL also serves as a benchmark for mapping and forecast purposes, allowing for accurate predictions of tidal ranges, storm surges, and coastal erosion. Overall, MSL plays a critical role in understanding the complex dynamics of the ocean and its impact on the Earth’s environment and human activities.