span

Definition of the Term “Span”

The span is a fundamental aeronautical term used to describe the distance between the wingtips of a fixed-wing aircraft located at the furthest ends of the wings when viewed from above or below. It is the primary measurement of a wing’s extent from tip to tip measured perpendicular to the direction of motion, and it is equivalent to the wingspan of a bird or insect. The span is a crucial parameter in determining the overall lifting capacity of an aircraft and influences its stability and handling characteristics during flight.

The span is not the same as the wing’s chord, which is the width of the wing at any given point along its length, or its thickness, which is the distance between its upper and lower surfaces. The span is a critical factor in determining the overall surface area of a wing, which affects its lift, drag, and other aerodynamic properties. The aspect ratio, which is the ratio of the span to the chord, is another crucial factor in determining the wing’s performance. A high aspect ratio, where the wing is long and narrow, typically provides better lift and efficiency but may cause decreased maneuverability. On the other hand, a low aspect ratio, with a short and wide wing, typically provides better stability and maneuverability but may increase drag and reduce efficiency.

In conclusion, the span is an essential measurement of a wing’s size and represents the distance between the wingtips of a fixed-wing aircraft perpendicular to the direction of motion. It influences the overall lifting capacity, stability, and handling characteristics of the aircraft during flight and is a critical factor in determining its aerodynamic properties.