Minimum descent altitude (MDA)

Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA)

Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) is the lowest authorized altitude (in feet MSL) that an aircraft can descend to during final approach or circle-to-land maneuvering while executing a nonprecision approach. It is the minimum height above the ground that can be used to transition from instrument flight to visual flight during a nonprecision approach. Pilots must maintain this altitude until visual references are identified and the runway is in sight. This altitude ensures that the aircraft stays clear of obstacles or terrain during approach and landing. MDA is an important part of approach planning and execution, and pilots must be aware of it to ensure a safe and successful approach.