Minimum safe altitude (MSA)

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA)

Minimum Safe Altitude (MSA) refers to the altitude that is displayed on approach charts and offers at least 1,000 feet of obstacle clearance for emergency use within a designated distance from the listed navigation facility. In cases of an unexpected situation, such as loss of navigation or communication with air traffic control, aircraft should maintain the MSA or higher. This minimum altitude provides pilots with a sufficient buffer to avoid any potential obstacles in the vicinity. MSAs are marked on approach charts for visual reference and vary depending on the location and the surrounding terrain. It is crucial for pilots to adhere to the MSA when approaching or departing from an airport to ensure safe operations. In summary, MSA indicates the lowest altitude that a pilot can fly in critical conditions with a minimum level of safety.